The Food Packaging Market in Australia: A Focus on Custom and Eco-Friendly Solutions

Audio Overview

Executive Summary

The Australian food packaging market is experiencing a significant period of evolution, driven by a confluence of strong economic growth, shifting consumer preferences, and a complex, evolving regulatory landscape. The market, estimated at USD 11.6 billion in 2022, is projected to expand at a robust Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 5.83% to reach USD 16.31 billion by 2029. Other projections are even more optimistic, forecasting a market value of USD 22.75 billion by 2033.¹ This growth is propelled by rising population, urbanization, and a notable increase in e-commerce activity.¹

A central theme shaping this market is the powerful demand for sustainable solutions. A majority of Australian consumers are actively engaged in sustainable practices and express a willingness to pay a premium for eco-friendly products. This consumer pressure has catalyzed a pivot toward innovative materials such as bioplastics, sugarcane bagasse, and seaweed-based packaging.³ However, this shift is fraught with significant challenges, most notably a critical gap in the country’s recycling and composting infrastructure, which became starkly apparent with the collapse of the REDcycle soft plastics program.⁵

In response to these market and infrastructure failures, the regulatory environment is undergoing a fundamental transformation. While a voluntary, industry-led framework has been in place through the National Packaging Targets, the failure to meet key recycling goals is spurring a shift towards a more mandatory, top-down approach. The impending implementation of Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) will place the financial and physical burden of waste management on producers, necessitating a radical redesign of products and packaging.⁵

This report details the market dynamics, explores the consumer and regulatory drivers for sustainable packaging, and provides an overview of the custom and eco-friendly solutions available. It also offers a comparative analysis with the Indian market, highlighting Australia’s more deliberate, and at times inconsistent, transition compared to India’s aggressive, legally mandated path towards sustainability.

1. Australian Food Packaging Market: A Strategic Landscape

1.1 Market Overview: Size, Growth Drivers, and Forecasts

The Australian packaging market is a vibrant sector projected for substantial expansion. Its estimated value of USD 11.6 billion in 2022 is expected to reach USD 16.31 billion by 2029, representing a CAGR of 5.83%.¹ Another market analysis corroborates this trend, valuing the market at USD 12.82 billion in 2023 and forecasting a rise to USD 22.75 billion by 2033, with a CAGR of 5.90%.² The fresh food packaging segment is also on a growth trajectory, anticipated to grow to USD 1.368 billion by 2029.⁷

This growth is primarily propelled by three core drivers. Firstly, Australia’s increasing population and rapid urbanization are creating a continuous demand for a diverse range of consumer goods and products.¹ Secondly, the rise of organized retail and the e-commerce sector has significantly impacted packaging requirements, driving the need for secure and efficient solutions for shipping and delivery.¹ The growth in online grocery shopping, in particular, has necessitated innovations in materials and formats to ensure products remain safe and fresh during transit.⁸ Finally, a broad and strategic shift toward sustainable and eco-friendly packaging is shaping the market’s future, as companies and consumers alike seek to reduce their environmental footprint.¹

The increasing prevalence of on-the-go lifestyles and a demand for convenience are also influencing market trends. This has led to a surge in demand for lightweight, portable, and resealable packaging formats.⁸ These factors collectively underscore a market that is not only growing in size but also adapting in its form and function to meet the demands of a dynamic and environmentally conscious consumer base.⁸

1.2 Market Segmentation and Dominant Materials

The Australian packaging market is segmented by both material and end-use. By end-use, the food and beverages sector holds the highest market share, driven by its vast and diverse product range, which requires a constant supply of reliable and efficient packaging solutions.¹ Stringent regulations for food safety and hygiene further encourage the use of secure and tamper-proof packaging.¹

A nuanced analysis of material types reveals a compelling contradiction. While flexible packaging was the most widely used material in 2023, board and glass held the highest market share by value.¹ This can be attributed to several factors. Flexible packaging, including pouches, bags, and films, is highly popular due to its low cost, lightweight nature, and suitability for on-the-go food consumption.⁹ However, this is offset by the higher price point of board and glass, which are also valued for their strength, versatility, and association with premium branding.¹

The prominence of flexible packaging, particularly in the food industry, presents a significant challenge for the broader sustainability goals. Flexible plastics are notoriously difficult to recycle due to their complex, multi-material composition and a lack of adequate domestic reprocessing infrastructure.⁵ The recent collapse of Australia’s largest soft plastic collection program, REDcycle, highlighted this critical gap between product consumption and end-of-life management.⁵ This situation creates a tension between the industry’s reliance on a convenient, cost-effective material and its stated ambition to reduce waste and achieve a circular economy.

The following table provides a breakdown of the market segmentation.

Based on available market analysis and reports, here is a completion of the table for the Australian packaging market:

2. The Sustainability Imperative: Drivers and Regulatory Dynamics

2.1 The Australian Consumer: A Mindset Shift

Australian consumers are a powerful force driving the market towards sustainable practices. A report from the Monash Business School found that an overwhelming 96% of Australians engage in sustainable practices, and nearly half of them are prepared to pay more for eco-friendly products.³ This willingness is particularly pronounced for products packaged in recyclable materials, with 40% of consumers willing to pay a premium.³ A national survey by Veolia found that 80% of purchasing decisions are influenced by a product’s packaging composition, and 62% of the population would be willing to pay more for products with packaging that does not end up in a landfill.¹¹ A Mintel study reveals that 32% of urban Australians specifically prefer to purchase products in eco-friendly packaging.¹²

Despite this strong sentiment, there is a notable gap between consumer intent and action. Many consumers express confusion about proper recycling methods, with 64% of Australians finding it difficult to know what and how to recycle.¹¹ This confusion and a general wariness about “greenwashing” mean that simply claiming a product is sustainable is not enough; consumers want to see credible trustmarks and certifications to reassure them they are making a responsible choice.³ For companies, this means that sustainability efforts must be clearly and transparently communicated on the packaging itself to build trust and translate consumer values into purchasing behavior.

2.2 Navigating the Regulatory Landscape

Australia’s regulatory environment for packaging is a complex mix of voluntary targets and mandatory state-level bans. The Australian Packaging Covenant Organisation (APCO) has established four National Packaging Targets for 2025:

• 100% of all packaging is reusable, recyclable, or compostable.
• 70% of plastic packaging is recycled or composted.
• 50% of average recycled content is included in all packaging.
• The phase-out of problematic and unnecessary single-use plastic packaging.¹³

Progress toward these goals has been mixed. A recent report indicates that the proportion of recyclable packaging has increased from 84% to 86% and the average recycled content has risen from 40% to 44%.¹⁵ However, the plastic recycling rate has decreased from 20% to 19%, falling far short of the 70% target.¹⁵ This highlights a critical failure in the collection and reprocessing of plastic, particularly for flexible materials, which continues to be a major source of pollution.⁵ The collapse of the REDcycle program, which once handled the collection of soft plastics from major supermarkets, underscored the fragility of this voluntary, industry-led approach.⁵

This lack of progress at a national level has spurred states and territories to take independent action. Victoria, for example, has enacted a ban on problematic single-use plastic items, including drinking straws, cutlery, plates, and expanded polystyrene food service items. This ban applies to items made from conventional, degradable, and compostable plastics, illustrating a broader and more stringent approach than earlier regulations.⁴

The following table tracks the progress toward the National Packaging Targets.

Based on the 2022-2023 Australian Packaging Consumption and Recovery Data Report by the Australian Packaging Covenant Organisation (APCO), here is a summary of the progress toward the National Packaging Targets:

2.3 The Role of Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR)

The shift toward a more centralized and mandatory regulatory framework is gaining momentum. A recent government consultation on reforming plastic packaging regulation found that 80% of stakeholders supported new regulations, and 65% supported an Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) scheme.⁵

EPR is a policy approach that holds producers, manufacturers, importers, and distributors accountable for the entire lifecycle of their products, including post-consumer waste management.⁶ The framework is based on the “polluter pays” principle, shifting the financial and logistical burden of waste management from taxpayers to the businesses that put the packaging on the market.¹⁶

The impending implementation of mandatory EPR will fundamentally alter the market landscape. It will incentivize companies to proactively redesign their products and packaging to be more easily recyclable, reusable, or compostable.⁶ Businesses will face new financial obligations, potentially in the form of fees or tariffs linked to the environmental impact of their packaging. For companies, investing in sustainable design now will become a competitive advantage later, as it can reduce future compliance costs and align business operations with national environmental priorities.⁶ This shift from a voluntary to a mandatory system is a direct response to the failure of the current model and represents a critical step towards a truly circular economy.

3. Eco-Friendly Solutions: Innovations and Market Realities

3.1 A New Material Mix: From Bioplastics to Board

The demand for eco-friendly packaging has spurred innovation across a wide range of materials. Businesses are increasingly moving away from traditional plastics towards a diverse portfolio of sustainable alternatives.

Bioplastics and Plant-Based Materials:

• PLA: Polylactic acid, or PLA, is a bioplastic derived from renewable plant-based biomass like corn starch, sugarcane, or cassava.¹⁹ It is certified industrially compostable to Australian standards, meaning it can break down in commercial composting facilities.¹⁹
• PHA: Polyhydroxyalkanoates, or PHA, are a type of biopolymer that is a true game-changer. Unlike PLA, which requires specific industrial composting conditions, PHA degrades in natural environments, including soil and marine settings.¹⁰ This makes it an ideal choice for home compostable cups and flexible films, and it is actively being brought to the Australian market by companies like BioPak.¹⁰
• Sugarcane Bagasse: This byproduct of sugarcane processing is being used to create biodegradable and compostable containers.²⁰ These products offer a sustainable, heat-resistant, and leak-proof alternative to traditional plastic and Styrofoam food containers.²⁰
• Seaweed: As a novel input, seaweed is being used to create packaging materials that are 100% natural, fully compostable, and do not require freshwater or land to grow.²¹

Paper and Board:

Paperboard is a rapidly growing material choice for food packaging due to its high recyclability and biodegradability.8 Innovative solutions, such as those offered by The Packaging People, include kerbside recyclable bags made primarily of paper with a minimal LLDPE liner to ensure food-grade safety and heat sealability.23

A critical challenge associated with some of these materials is what can be termed the “Paradox of Bioplastics.” While certified as compostable, many require specific industrial composting infrastructure to break down effectively.²⁴ If these products are improperly disposed of and end up in a landfill, they can still contribute to the generation of methane, a potent greenhouse gas.²⁵ This highlights the need for a functioning end-of-life system to be in place for the full environmental benefits of these materials to be realized.

The table below provides a comparison of eco-friendly material options.

Eco-Friendly Food Packaging Materials Comparison

4. The Value of Customization: Branding and Logistics

4.1 The Case for Customization in a Competitive Market

In an increasingly crowded market, custom packaging has evolved from a simple aesthetic choice to a powerful strategic tool. It serves as a vital component of a brand’s identity, helping products to stand out on the shelf and creating a positive, memorable connection with the consumer.²⁷ For small and medium-sized businesses, the ability to create custom packaging is particularly impactful, as it helps them compete with larger corporations and fosters brand loyalty.²⁷ Companies like The Pouch Shop and The Packaging People have strategically positioned themselves to serve this market segment, offering specialized solutions and expertise.²⁷

Customization also provides a crucial platform for communicating a company’s sustainability commitments. By using on-pack labeling, branded trustmarks, and clear messaging, businesses can visibly demonstrate their investment in eco-friendly materials.³ This transparency helps to build trust with environmentally conscious consumers and bridges the gap between their desire to support sustainable brands and their ability to identify them. The ability to print on multiple panels of a box, including the inside, provides an opportunity to deliver a unique and value-adding brand experience.³⁰

4.2 Printing Methods and Turnaround Times

The democratization of custom packaging has been facilitated by advancements in printing technology and supply chain logistics. Companies now offer a range of printing methods to suit different needs and budgets. Gravure printing is a traditional method that uses metal plates to produce high-quality, vibrant prints, making it ideal for large-volume orders where consistency is paramount.²⁹ In contrast, CMYK digital printing is a more modern, cost-effective method suited for smaller runs, offering flexibility and fast turnaround times without the high setup costs of traditional printing.²⁷

This has created a segmented market with a clear trade-off between speed and scale. For businesses with urgent or small-scale needs, companies like Australia Post and HeapsGood Packaging offer fast dispatch times and no minimum order quantities (MOQs).²⁸ HeapsGood Packaging, for example, can dispatch custom boxes within 3 business days for orders up to 1000 pieces.³⁰ By comparison, standard custom packaging orders can have a lead time of 10-12 weeks, which includes shipping and artwork approval.²⁹ This strategic segmentation allows businesses to choose a solution that best aligns with their specific production schedule and budget.

The table below provides a comparison of custom packaging suppliers in Australia.

Custom Packaging Supplier Comparison: MOQs & Lead Times

5. Strategic Implications and Recommendations

5.1 A Strategic SWOT Analysis

Strengths:

• A robust and growing market with consistent demand across various sectors.¹
• High consumer awareness and a strong preference for sustainable packaging, with a notable willingness to pay a premium for eco-friendly products.³
• A supportive regulatory framework with clear national targets and a push towards a circular economy.¹³

Weaknesses:

• A significant and systemic gap in the country’s recycling and composting infrastructure, especially for flexible plastics, which undermines national targets.⁵
• A fragmented regulatory landscape with different rules and bans across states and territories.⁴
• Consumer confusion about proper recycling methods, which erodes trust in sustainability claims.¹¹

Opportunities:

• The clear push toward a circular economy provides a powerful incentive for material and process innovation.¹³
• The shift to mandatory EPR will create new market incentives, potentially funding new recycling and recovery infrastructure and creating opportunities for businesses that can meet new design standards.⁶
• The agile, low/no MOQ custom packaging market allows for quick, cost-effective product development and brand testing.³⁰

Threats:

• The failure to meet national recycling targets and the ongoing soft plastics problem threaten to erode consumer trust and lead to stricter, more costly regulations.⁵
• New, mandatory regulations could introduce significant financial and operational challenges for businesses unprepared for the transition.⁶

5.2 Actionable Recommendations for Market Success

Based on this analysis, several strategic recommendations can be made for businesses operating in the Australian food packaging market:

• Strategy 1: Proactive Compliance and Risk Mitigation. The shift toward mandatory EPR is a direct response to the failure of the voluntary system. Businesses should not wait for legislation but should proactively audit their packaging portfolio now. Identifying potential financial liabilities and redesigning products to be more easily recyclable will minimize future compliance costs and secure a competitive advantage.⁶
• Strategy 2: Embrace the Circular Economy. Beyond simply using materials labeled as “recyclable,” businesses should strategically invest in solutions that ensure a closed loop. This involves working with organizations like APCO to design products for kerbside recyclability, and where that is not possible, supporting alternative collection pathways or investing in domestic recycling infrastructure.¹³
• Strategy 3: Leverage Customization to Communicate Value. Custom packaging is a powerful tool to bridge the gap between consumer intent and action. Brands should use clear, on-pack trustmarks and certifications to transparently communicate their sustainability efforts.³ This is an opportunity to use the packaging itself as a vehicle for storytelling, educating consumers and building brand loyalty based on shared values.

Appendix

A.1 Comparative Analysis: Australia vs. India

A comparison of the Australian and Indian food packaging markets reveals two distinct approaches to a shared sustainability challenge.

Consumer Behavior:

• Australia: Australian consumers are highly concerned about environmental issues, with 96% engaged in sustainable practices.³ However, the willingness to pay a premium for eco-friendly packaging is strong but not universal, with roughly 40-62% of consumers prepared to pay more.³ This is compounded by significant consumer confusion surrounding recycling, which can hinder purchasing decisions.¹¹
• India: Indian consumers demonstrate a strikingly higher willingness to pay a premium. A McKinsey study found that 36% would pay “a lot more” and 49% would pay “a little more” for sustainable packaging.³⁵ This trend is particularly strong among younger, urban, and higher-income consumers.³⁵

Regulatory Approach:

• Australia: The Australian approach has historically been voluntary and industry-led through the APCO framework.¹³ While there are national targets, the failure to meet key goals has exposed the limitations of this model. The regulatory environment is also fragmented, with a patchwork of mandatory single-use plastic bans at the state level.⁴ This has created an inconsistent and often reactive policy landscape.
• India: India has adopted a more aggressive, top-down approach. The government has implemented a nationwide ban on a range of single-use plastic items and has established a clear, legally binding EPR framework that sets mandatory targets for recycling and the use of recycled content.³⁸

This comparison illustrates two fundamentally different models for driving sustainability. Australia’s is a “carrot and stick” approach where the consumer “carrot” has been a strong driver, but the failure of the voluntary system has necessitated a move towards more regulatory “sticks.” India’s model, driven by both a highly motivated consumer base and strong, central legislation, appears more decisive and uniform. This comparative analysis provides a powerful lens through which to view Australia’s future, as it moves from a hesitant to a more mandatory regulatory framework to close the gap between ambition and reality.

A.2 Detailed Company Profiles

BioPak

BioPak is a leader in the Australian eco-friendly food packaging space, specializing in certified compostable packaging made from plant-based materials.19 The company’s product line includes items made from innovative materials like polylactic acid (PLA) and polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA), the latter of which is a home compostable biopolymer.10 They also use sugarcane bagasse for their containers and have a wide range of products with FSC-certified paper and wood.19 BioPak’s business model is deeply integrated with the circular economy, championing composting as the optimal end-of-life solution and holding B Corp certification.19

The Pouch Shop

Based in Melbourne, The Pouch Shop caters to small and medium-sized Australian businesses by providing custom food packaging solutions.27 Their focus is on flexible packaging, with offerings that include stand-up pouches, flat bottom bags, and coffee bags.27 They have made custom branding accessible by offering short-run digital printing for orders as small as 5000 units, which eliminates the high setup costs associated with traditional printing methods. The company emphasizes its Australian ownership and its commitment to quality solutions that extend product shelf life.27

The Packaging People

As an Australian-owned and operated company, The Packaging People specializes in providing a wide range of packaging solutions, from ready-to-ship stock to complex custom designs.29 Their services include both Gravure and CMYK digital printing, allowing them to serve a diverse client base ranging from large-scale manufacturers to small businesses requiring fast turnaround times. They offer a comprehensive line of eco-friendly products, including home compostable and kerbside recyclable pouches and bags, which are carefully crafted to minimize environmental impact.23

Envirochoice

Envirochoice positions itself as a national wholesaler of eco-friendly disposable food packaging.41 As an expert in takeaway packaging, the company is well-informed of the varying plastic ban legislation across Australia’s states and territories.41 Envirochoice manufactures a wide variety of eco-friendly packaging options, including paper and plastic food packaging, with a focus on supplying solutions that help businesses navigate the country’s complex regulatory landscape.

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